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豬流感病毒英語問答對英語作文有幫助

時(shí)間：2022-05-10 04:49:07 英語寫作指導(dǎo) 我要投稿

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豬流感病毒英語問答對英語作文有幫助

美國已發(fā)現(xiàn)的豬流感病毒和在墨西哥引起致命傳染的是同一病毒.豬流感是什么東西?我們將如何應(yīng)對?這里解答你的所有疑惑。
　　The swine flu virus in the U.S. is the same one causing a deadly epidemic in Mexico. What is swine flu? What can we do about it? WebMD answers your questions.

豬流感病毒英語問答對英語作文有幫助

　　1、豬流感是什么?

　　和人一樣,豬也會得流感。有4種不同的A型豬流感病株常在豬之間傳播 .最近幾種豬流感病毒屬于H1N1和H3N2亞型.豬罹患流感后一般不會致死.最新爆發(fā)的這種感染人類的豬流感病毒很不同尋常。它有可能已從豬,鳥和人流感病毒中獲取了基因片斷.并且已從本來不會在北美出現(xiàn)的歐亞豬流感毒株類型里獲取了基因。　　What Is Swine Flu?

　　Like humans, pigs get the flu. Four different type A swine flu strains commonly circulate among pigs. Most recent swine flu viruses have belonged to the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. Pigs typically get sick but usually don't die from swine flu.

　　The new swine flu virus infecting humans is very unusual. It's somehow acquired genes from swine, bird, and human flu bugs. And it's also got genes from Eurasian swine flu viruses that aren't supposed to be in North America.

　　2、人會得豬流感嗎?

　　通常豬流感不會感染人類.美國歷史上。每一兩年在接觸活豬的人群里會有一例感染.但從2005年12月到2009年1月間,人類感染豬流感病例上升了。這段期間出現(xiàn)12例病例。其中11例的病患有直接或間接活豬接觸史；剩下這一例未知.這種病例上升可能和疾病報(bào)控系統(tǒng)完善有關(guān),但疾病控制和預(yù)防中心CDC指出“豬流感病毒的基因變化和其他因素可能也有關(guān)系。”這種新病毒與以往不同。它正在感染人類,世衛(wèi)組織官員正密切關(guān)注其發(fā)展.

　　Do Humans Get Swine Flu?

　　Normally, swine flu bugs don't infect people. Historically, there's a case every year or two in the U.S. among people who have contact with live pigs.

　　But from December 2005 to January 2009 there was an uptick in swine flu cases. There were 12 human swine flu infections during this time. Eleven of these people had direct or indirect contact with pigs; in the twelfth case it was not known whether there was pig contact.

　　It's possible this uptick was due to improved reporting systems, but the CDC says "genetic changes in swine flu viruses and other factors might also be a factor."

　　The new swine flu virus is different. It's not yet clear that it's here to stay. But it is infecting humans, and that has world health officials keeping a close eye on it.

　　3、豬流感會在人群之間蔓延嗎? 醫(yī).學(xué)教育網(wǎng)整理

　　美國發(fā)現(xiàn)的感染豬流感病人沒有直接接觸過豬。CDC說這種感染可能是大范圍內(nèi)的人-人傳染個(gè)案。

　　Can Swine Flu Spread From Person to Person?

　　The U.S. residents infected with swine flu virus had no direct contact with pigs. The CDC says it's likely that the infections represent widely separated cycles of human-to-human infections.

　　4、豬流感的癥狀? The Symptoms of Swine Flu

　　What Are the Symptoms of Swine Flu?

　　Swine flu symptoms are similar to regular flu symptoms and include cough, sore throat, fever, chills, headache, and fatigue. Some patients have also reported nausea惡心 and diarrhea腹瀉. There is no easy way to distinguish swine flu from other types of flu or other germs. It takes a lab test to tell whether it's swine flu.

　　豬流感癥狀：

　　與感冒類似，出現(xiàn)發(fā)燒、咳嗽、疲勞、食欲不振等

　　5、以前有過豬流感爆發(fā)嗎?

　　如果你曾經(jīng)聽到過豬流感,很可能是你回憶起了或者讀到過1976年那次在新澤西Fort Dix的豬流感在入伍新兵里的爆發(fā).那一次持續(xù)了一個(gè)月然后消失了。來得突然,去得也很神秘. 當(dāng)時(shí)有240例感染;死亡一例。在Fort Dix傳播的是H1N1型豬流感毒株,與導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性瘟疫的1918-1919年流感相同,那場災(zāi)難奪走了上千萬人的生命。（1976年）出于一種新H1N1病株大流行可能隨著冬季卷土重來的擔(dān)心，導(dǎo)致一次匆忙上馬的項(xiàng)目,以發(fā)明一種豬流感疫苗并對所有美國人接種. 那次疫苗項(xiàng)目后來問題百出-- 其中包括公眾恐慌導(dǎo)致了過多的危險(xiǎn)的過激反應(yīng)，這還算小麻煩.在4000多萬美國人接種后,這個(gè)徒勞的努力被放棄了。目前證實(shí)尚無豬流感大流行事件。

　　Have There Been Previous Swine Flu Outbreaks?

　　If swine flu sounds familiar to you, it's probably because you remember or have read about the 1976 swine flu outbreak at Fort Dix, N.J., among military recruits. It lasted about a month and then went away as mysteriously as it appeared. As many as 240 people were infected; one died.

　　The swine flu that spread at Fort Dix was the H1N1 strain. That's the same flu strain that caused the disastrous flu pandemic of 1918-1919, resulting in tens of millions of deaths.

　　Concern that a new H1N1 pandemic might return with winter led to a crash program to create a vaccine and vaccinate all Americans against swine flu. That vaccine program ran into all kinds of problems -- not the least of which was public perception that the vaccine caused excessive rates of dangerous reactions. After more than 40 million people were vaccinated, the effort was abandoned.

　　As it turned out, there was no swine flu epidemic.

　　6、我打過流感針了，我對豬流感免疫嗎?

　　不能,目前還沒有豬流感疫苗。有可能季節(jié)性的流感疫苗會對H3N2型豬流感病毒提供部分抗體。但在加州出現(xiàn)的是H1N1型毒株.與人類流感H1N1毒株區(qū)別很大.先前接種過人型H1N1流感疫苗是否能部分抵御此次爆發(fā)的豬型H1N1病毒。目前不得而知。然而，CDC已經(jīng)從一位被感病人身上提取出的豬流感病毒里開發(fā)出一個(gè)“疫苗種”，并已啟動(dòng)一旦需要立即開發(fā)的程序。是否需要在下一個(gè)流感季節(jié)到來前批量生產(chǎn)是個(gè)大問題。

　　It's possible that the seasonal flu vaccine might provide partial protection against H3N2 swine flu bugs. But the strain that appeared in California is the H1N1 swine flu strain. It is very different from the H1N1 human flu strain included in the seasonal flu vaccine.

　　It's not known whether previous infection with human type A H1N1 flu might provide partial protection against the type A H1N1 swine flu in the current outbreak.

　　However, the CDC has made a "vaccine seed" from swine flu isolated from an infected person, and has begun the process of developing a vaccine should the need arise. Whether a vaccine could be produced in quantity by next flu season is a huge question.

　　Is There a Treatment for Swine Flu?

　　Yes. While the swine flu bug is resistant to older flu medicines, it remains sensitive to Tamiflu and to Relenza.

　　7、豬流感流行對公共衛(wèi)生安全的威脅有多嚴(yán)重?

　　任何流感大流行都令人不安，特別是當(dāng)一種新型毒株介入的時(shí)候。CDC警告“能有效地在人與人之間傳播并致病的新（對人）流感A病毒,都很可能是疾病大爆發(fā)的威脅�！辈煌诩竟�(jié)性流感,令人擔(dān)憂的是,此次墨西哥爆發(fā)的豬流感攻擊健康的年輕人。這是會導(dǎo)致大流行的病毒的標(biāo)志特點(diǎn)。但要在人類間制造一次流感大流行還需要不止新病毒一種誘因.病毒必須從一個(gè)人有效地傳播到下一個(gè),并長時(shí)間持續(xù)這種傳播能力。另外，病毒還得在廣泛地域傳播.

　　How Serious Is the Public Health Threat of a Swine Flu Epidemic?

　　Any flu epidemic is worrisome, especially when a new strain of flu bug is involved.

　　"Influenza A viruses new to the human population that are able to efficiently transmit from person to person and cause illness may represent a pandemic threat," the CDC warns.

　　It's worrisome that, unlike seasonal flu, the swine flu outbreak in Mexico is attacking healthy young people. That's a hallmark of pandemic flu bugs.

　　But it takes more than a new virus spreading among humans to make a pandemic. The virus has to be able to spread efficiently from one person to another, and transmission has to be sustained over time. In addition, the virus has to spread geographically.

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　　8、豬流感能治嗎?

　　是的.雖然對老的流感藥有耐藥性,它仍對達(dá)菲(Tamiflu)和樂感清(Relenza) 很敏感。

　　I Got a Flu Shot. Am I Protected Against Swine Flu?

　　No. There is currently no swine flu vaccine.

　　9、吃豬肉會得豬流感嗎?

　　不會，你只有在一頭病豬附近呆過才會得病--或者，如果這次真是一種新型豬流感病毒的話，也能從被感染的人那里得病.

　　Can You Get Swine Flu by Eating Pork?

　　No. You can only catch swine flu from being around an infected pig -- or, if it's the new swine flu virus, from an infected person.

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