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與生活有關(guān)話(huà)題英語(yǔ)演講稿
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與生活有關(guān)話(huà)題英語(yǔ)演講稿1
Women who ate soy regularly as children have a lower risk of breast cancer, American researchers report. And men who eat fish several times a week have a lower risk of colon cancer, a second team of researchers have told the American Association for Cancer Research.
The studies add to a growing body of evidence about the role of diet in cancer. Cancer experts now believe that up to two-thirds of all cancers come from lifestyle factors such as smoking, diet and lack of exercise.
The US National Cancer Institute and researchers at the University of Hawaii found that women who ate the most soy-based foods, such as tofu and miso, when aged 5 to 11, reduced their risk of developing breast cancer by 58 per cent. It was not clear how soy might prevent cancer, though compounds in soy called isoflavones have estrogen-like effects.
Asecond study showed that men who ate fish at least five times a week had a 40 per cent lower risk of developing colorectal cancer compared with men who ate fish less than once a week.
Many kinds of fish are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which interfere with the cyclooxygenase-2 or COX-2 enzyme. COX-2 affects inflammation, which may play a role in tumour growth.
據(jù)美國(guó)研究人員報(bào)告，兒童時(shí)期經(jīng)常吃豆類(lèi)食品的女性患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較校另一組研究人員則向美國(guó)癌癥研究協(xié)會(huì)提出，一周吃幾次魚(yú)的男性患結(jié)腸癌的幾率較校
這兩項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)一步證明了飲食對(duì)于防癌的作用。癌癥防治專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為，在所有種類(lèi)的癌癥中，多達(dá)三分之二都是由吸煙、節(jié)食及缺乏鍛煉等不健康的生活方式造成的。
美國(guó)全國(guó)癌癥研究所和夏威夷大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在5歲至11歲時(shí)經(jīng)常吃豆腐、味噌等豆類(lèi)食品的女性患乳腺癌的'幾率要低58%。至于豆類(lèi)食品為什么可以防癌還不清楚，不過(guò)大豆中所含的名叫異黃酮的化合物具有雌性激素的作用。
另一項(xiàng)研究表明，一周吃魚(yú)至少五次的男性患結(jié)腸癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要比那些一周都吃不到一次魚(yú)的男性低40%。
很多魚(yú)類(lèi)中所富含的Omega-3脂肪酸能夠抑制環(huán)氧化酶2的活性。環(huán)氧化酶2會(huì)引起發(fā)炎，這可能會(huì)刺激腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)。
與生活有關(guān)話(huà)題英語(yǔ)演講稿2
If you're middle-aged and your memory's not what it used to be, check the bathroom scale, researchers warned, suggesting overweight people tend to score more poorly on tests of memory than their thinner peers do.
The findings suggest that a heavier weight in middle age may mean a higher risk of dementia later in life.
Reporting in the journal Neurology, the researchers speculated that higher rates of cardiovascular disease or diabetes might help explain the link. But it's also possible that substances produced by fat cells, such as the hormone leptin, have direct effects on the brain.
The study compared mental abilities to body mass index (BMI), a measurement of weight in relation to height used to define overweight and obesity. A BMI of 25 or more indicates overweight, and 30 or more is obese.
The study also investigated the relationships between BMI and cognitive function in 2,223 healthy men and women between the ages of 32 and 62 in France through the use of four cognitive tests.
The study found a higher BMI was associated with lower cognitive test scores. Results from a test involving word memory recall show people with a BMI of 20 remembered an average of nine out of 16 words, while people with a BMI of 30 remembered an average of seven out of 16 words.
研究人員提醒，如果你已步入中年，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的記憶力不如從前，那么你得小心體重了。研究表明，超重的人記憶測(cè)試的得分要比較瘦的人低。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，體重偏大的中年人今后患老年癡呆癥的可能性較大。
研究報(bào)告在《神經(jīng)學(xué)》期刊上發(fā)表，研究人員推斷，心血管疾病及糖尿病的高發(fā)現(xiàn)象可以解釋其中的原因。此外，脂肪細(xì)胞所產(chǎn)生的物質(zhì)，如瘦體激素，對(duì)大腦有直接影響。
此項(xiàng)研究將調(diào)查對(duì)象的智力與體重指數(shù)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。體重指數(shù)指的'是身高和體重之間的比例，主要用來(lái)衡量一個(gè)人是否偏胖或肥胖。體重指數(shù)為25或25以上的人偏胖，達(dá)到30或30以上的人則為肥胖。
研究人員還對(duì)體重指數(shù)和認(rèn)知功能間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究，他們?cè)诜▏?guó)對(duì)2223位年齡在32歲至62歲間的健康男女進(jìn)行了認(rèn)知測(cè)試。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，體重指數(shù)越大，認(rèn)知測(cè)試的得分越低。其中一項(xiàng)"單詞記憶"的測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，在16個(gè)單詞中，體重指數(shù)為20的人平均能記住9個(gè)，而體重指數(shù)為30的人平均只能記住7個(gè)。
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