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it作形式賓語和引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法小結(jié)
it作形式賓語和引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法小結(jié)作者/ 呂之云
摘 要：在英語中，it既可作代詞，又可作引導(dǎo)詞。結(jié)合it的具體例題主要對it作形式賓語和強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法簡要地進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，來幫助學(xué)生掌握該詞的用法。
關(guān)鍵詞：it；形式賓語；強(qiáng)調(diào)句
一、it作形式賓語的常用句型
1.在動(dòng)詞think，kind，consider，feel，make，believe，expect等合作形式賓語
句型為：sb think/find/consider/make it +adj. /n /現(xiàn)在分詞/to do/從句
eg: He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.
2.某些及物動(dòng)詞成短語不能直接加賓語從句，應(yīng)先用it作形式賓語，然后再接賓語從句，此用法常用于like，dislike，hate，appreciate，depend on等詞之前，句型love為：sb love/like/enjoy/hate/appreciate it ＋when/if…
eg: I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
I’d appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
3.用在depend on /count on…之后，句型為：sb depend（rely/
count）on it/see to it/take it for granted that…
eg：Don’t take it for granted that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.
“take it for granted that…”意為“想敬業(yè)地認(rèn)為……”，其中it 為形式賓語，真正的賓語為that從句。
二、it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1.it強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本形式。
2.該結(jié)It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋/who clause.
當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是主語、賓語、表語和狀語等時(shí)，用that，如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人，用who。
eg： It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr Smith.
在此述例句中將it was/is和that /who去掉，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)依然
是完整的，這也正是it所引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特點(diǎn)。
3.it強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問式
該句型為：Is/was it ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who…？
例如：Was it you that I saw last night at the concert？Was it in the street that I met her father？
4.it強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句式
該句型為：“特殊疑問詞＋is/was it that…”
eg：I have nothing to confess what is it that you ask me to say？
再如：How was it that he managed to get the in forefoot？
語句被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為how，“以何種方式”，譯為：他到底以何種方式獲得到這個(gè)信息的？
5.not until句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句
在not until結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，net與until一定要一起使用，意為“直到……才”該句型為：It is/was net until＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that…
eg：It was not until she took off her dark glasses that.
I realized she was a film star.
It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common.
參考文獻(xiàn)：
�。�1］張道真。實(shí)用英語語法。外語教學(xué)與研究出版社，1996.
［2］薄冰。高級(jí)英語語法。北京高等教育出版社，1990.
�。ㄗ髡邌挝� 江蘇省連云港生物工程中等專業(yè)學(xué)校）
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