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淺談高一學(xué)生開(kāi)設(shè)寫作訓(xùn)練課
[作者] 張靜
[內(nèi)容]
（張靜 江蘇省盱眙縣教育局教研室）
據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)、高考寫作題的平均分是７分左右（本題滿分為１５分）。這個(gè)結(jié)果不能令人滿意。書面表達(dá)能力與水平的提高需要有一個(gè)基本功訓(xùn)練的過(guò)程，學(xué)生剛步入高一就有必要開(kāi)設(shè)寫作課。
一．寫作訓(xùn)練要從高一開(kāi)始
為大面積提高高考學(xué)生書面表達(dá)能力與水平，我要求全縣高三教師每周讓學(xué)生寫一篇作文，老師抽樣批改。結(jié)果兩年來(lái)，學(xué)生的書面表達(dá)能力并沒(méi)有多大的提高，平均分只有６．８分。隨后的兩年里，為了激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣，提高作文質(zhì)量，我縣舉辦了高二英語(yǔ)閱讀理解、書面表達(dá)競(jìng)賽。在批改過(guò)程中，我意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多學(xué)生其它題做得不錯(cuò)，唯獨(dú)書面表達(dá)題卻錯(cuò)誤百出。從動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)到名詞的復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞的比較級(jí)用法及簡(jiǎn)單的句型表達(dá)都有錯(cuò)誤，如：
(1) Little Mary has Learnded caligraphy since 4 years old.
(2) Sometimes he can forgot to have his meal.
(3) When he was 4 years old,he learned and practises hard.
(4) He was strict at himself.
(5) He was bornin HeBei in 1980.
(6) This made him grcat progress.
高二學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)為何掌握得這樣差？我深深地意識(shí)到：高一年級(jí)開(kāi)設(shè)寫作課已十分必要。我縣９０級(jí)高一新生剛?cè)雽W(xué)便開(kāi)設(shè)了寫作訓(xùn)練課，經(jīng)過(guò)三年的課堂訓(xùn)練，９３年的高考書面表達(dá)題平均得分１０．４２分。
二、寫作訓(xùn)練的方法
１．輔助寫作的基本功訓(xùn)練
①由簡(jiǎn)到繁進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換與合并練習(xí)
a.China lies in the east of Asia (變成一般疑問(wèn)句)→Does China lie in theeast of Asia?
b.The boy was very much frightened.IIe couldn’t move.
(用so....that合并句子)
(用too....to 將兩個(gè)句子改為簡(jiǎn)單句)
The boy was so frightened that he couldn’t move.
The boy was too frightened to move.
c.She is strict with herself.She is also strict with others.
(用not only ....but also 連接句子)
She is strict not only with herself but also with others.
①聯(lián)詞成句，聯(lián)句成文
(1) a farmer,working ,in the field,nearby,saw,he
(2) went nearer,and asked the farmer,in his car,so he
(3) an Englishman,when he,in the country-side,was driving,lost his way
(4)"Excuse me,you tell,where,am,I,can?~
(5)the farmer,said,looked at him,Yes,and
(6)in your car,are ,you,Sir
An Englishman lost his way when he was driving in the country-side.He saw a farmer working in the field nearby,so he went nearer in his carand asked the farmer,"Excuse me ,can you tell me where I am?~
"Yes,~the farmer looked at him and said,~You are in your car,sir.~
２、寫作訓(xùn)練融于課文教學(xué)中。整體教學(xué)時(shí)，教師可根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)一些能啟發(fā)學(xué)生思維的是非判斷題和問(wèn)答題，進(jìn)行口頭問(wèn)答，答句組成短文。
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