Gymnastics
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
本單元主要詞匯：
ache; keep one’s balancedo body-building；at the doctor’s；require;lose one’s voice；do a handstand；a keep-fit programme；backward(s)；be proud of ；hold a position steady；a length of wood ；glance；take/have a look at； follow safety measures； in all； gain；knock into sb；prepare…(sb.) for； do a neat circle； cheer ； fall forward/over； be content with/to do； land neatly on the floor；highly；do sth. to music
本單元的主要句型
What can I do for you? There is something wrong with…?
Where does it hurt? My …h(huán)urt/I hurt my…
I’ve got a temperature. Let me take a look at it/ you.
Do this treatment twice a day for a week? Take this medicine/two pills three times a day.
Wht seems to be the matter? 10. It’ll /You’ll be all right/ well/ better soon.
It is /was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + who/that …
教學(xué)建議
重點(diǎn)掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的與體操相關(guān)聯(lián)的一些詞組和短語(yǔ)。運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言，圍繞體操這一題材，完成教材和練習(xí)冊(cè)中所要求的有關(guān)聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫方面的任務(wù)。閱讀課文第34課和35課，讓學(xué)生了解有關(guān)體操以及與之相關(guān)的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)。適當(dāng)增加和拓展與體操有關(guān)的詞組和短語(yǔ)，以更好的幫助學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行表達(dá)。掌握并強(qiáng)化本單元的語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)，即主謂一致的問(wèn)題以及賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。其中關(guān)鍵是主謂一致中有關(guān)集合名詞作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句中從句時(shí)態(tài)一致在寫作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用的問(wèn)題。
詞語(yǔ)辨析：
1．a(chǎn)che與pain
pain多指由于嚴(yán)重受傷或疾病引起的劇痛，用作可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞均可。
The boy was in great pain after he broke his arm.
那個(gè)孩子傷了胳臂后，很疼痛。
ache多指身體局部的持續(xù)的隱痛，用作可數(shù)名詞或不可名詞均可，常和身體部位構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞（見(jiàn)上例）。例如：
She suffers from various aches and pains.
她遭受了各種疼痛和痛苦。
take great pains with sth. / to do sth. / in doing sth. “辛苦；努力；費(fèi)盡苦心做某事�！�
Mary took great pains with her English lesson and got high marks.
瑪麗下苦功學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)并取得高分。
2．辨析 clothing 與clothes
1)clothing是全部衣物的總稱，如：men’s clothing男服，winter clothing冬裝，屬于集合名詞，只有單數(shù)形式，其作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)有單數(shù)形式。
Our clothing protects us from the cold.
衣服使我們免受寒冷。
一件衣服可以說(shuō)an article of clothing或a piece of clothing，但不能說(shuō)a suit of clothing. 但可以說(shuō)a suit of clothes(一套衣服)。
2)clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，不能指單件衣服，它既不能用作單數(shù)，也不能和表示具體數(shù)目的數(shù)詞連用，不能說(shuō)a clothes, six clothes, 但可以說(shuō)many (these, a few, my) clothes. 其作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
These clothes are new. 這些衣服都是新的。
3．辨析announce, declare
announce 和declare 語(yǔ)義相近，但結(jié)構(gòu)有區(qū)別。
announce 后接名詞或代詞或that賓語(yǔ)從句，而declare除接上面結(jié)構(gòu)以外還可接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等結(jié)構(gòu)。
declare在語(yǔ)義上還有些特殊的用法。試比較下列句型。
Soon Germany declared war on France.
不久德國(guó)對(duì)法宣戰(zhàn)。(不用 announce)
The bell announced the end of the class.
下課鈴響了。(非正式，不用declare)
The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment.
委員會(huì)宣布了實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。
4．congratulate, celebrate
congratulate 意為“祝賀”，常用于congratulate sb. on ( doing ) sth.。
celebrate 意為“慶祝”，后接名詞。如：
Paul's classmates congratulated him on his winning the first prize.
保羅的同學(xué)們祝賀他獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。
Christmas is celebrated on December 25.
過(guò)圣誕節(jié)是在十二月二十五日。
注意它們?cè)诮Y(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義上的區(qū)別。congratulate 的名詞形式為 congratulation，常用作復(fù)數(shù)。而celebration 意為“慶祝”或“慶祝會(huì)”，是普通的可數(shù)名詞。
—I got the first prize. 我得了一等獎(jiǎng)。
—Congratulations! 祝賀你！
About ten thousand people attended the celebration of National Day in Tian An Men Square.
大約一萬(wàn)人參加了天安門廣場(chǎng)的國(guó)慶慶祝會(huì)。
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
本單元主要詞匯：
ache; keep one’s balancedo body-building；at the doctor’s；require;lose one’s voice；do a handstand；a keep-fit programme；backward(s)；be proud of ；hold a position steady；a length of wood ；glance；take/have a look at； follow safety measures； in all； gain；knock into sb；prepare…(sb.) for； do a neat circle； cheer ； fall forward/over； be content with/to do； land neatly on the floor；highly；do sth. to music
本單元的主要句型
What can I do for you? There is something wrong with…?
Where does it hurt? My …h(huán)urt/I hurt my…
I’ve got a temperature. Let me take a look at it/ you.
Do this treatment twice a day for a week? Take this medicine/two pills three times a day.
Wht seems to be the matter? 10. It’ll /You’ll be all right/ well/ better soon.
It is /was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + who/that …
教學(xué)建議
重點(diǎn)掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的與體操相關(guān)聯(lián)的一些詞組和短語(yǔ)。運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言，圍繞體操這一題材，完成教材和練習(xí)冊(cè)中所要求的有關(guān)聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫方面的任務(wù)。閱讀課文第34課和35課，讓學(xué)生了解有關(guān)體操以及與之相關(guān)的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)。適當(dāng)增加和拓展與體操有關(guān)的詞組和短語(yǔ)，以更好的幫助學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行表達(dá)。掌握并強(qiáng)化本單元的語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)，即主謂一致的問(wèn)題以及賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。其中關(guān)鍵是主謂一致中有關(guān)集合名詞作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句中從句時(shí)態(tài)一致在寫作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用的問(wèn)題。
詞語(yǔ)辨析：
1．a(chǎn)che與pain
pain多指由于嚴(yán)重受傷或疾病引起的劇痛，用作可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞均可。
The boy was in great pain after he broke his arm.
那個(gè)孩子傷了胳臂后，很疼痛。
ache多指身體局部的持續(xù)的隱痛，用作可數(shù)名詞或不可名詞均可，常和身體部位構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞（見(jiàn)上例）。例如：
She suffers from various aches and pains.
她遭受了各種疼痛和痛苦。
take great pains with sth. / to do sth. / in doing sth. “辛苦；努力；費(fèi)盡苦心做某事�！�
Mary took great pains with her English lesson and got high marks.
瑪麗下苦功學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)并取得高分。
2．辨析 clothing 與clothes
1)clothing是全部衣物的總稱，如：men’s clothing男服，winter clothing冬裝，屬于集合名詞，只有單數(shù)形式，其作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)有單數(shù)形式。
Our clothing protects us from the cold.
衣服使我們免受寒冷。
一件衣服可以說(shuō)an article of clothing或a piece of clothing，但不能說(shuō)a suit of clothing. 但可以說(shuō)a suit of clothes(一套衣服)。
2)clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，不能指單件衣服，它既不能用作單數(shù)，也不能和表示具體數(shù)目的數(shù)詞連用，不能說(shuō)a clothes, six clothes, 但可以說(shuō)many (these, a few, my) clothes. 其作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
These clothes are new. 這些衣服都是新的。
3．辨析announce, declare
announce 和declare 語(yǔ)義相近，但結(jié)構(gòu)有區(qū)別。
announce 后接名詞或代詞或that賓語(yǔ)從句，而declare除接上面結(jié)構(gòu)以外還可接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等結(jié)構(gòu)。
declare在語(yǔ)義上還有些特殊的用法。試比較下列句型。
Soon Germany declared war on France.
不久德國(guó)對(duì)法宣戰(zhàn)。(不用 announce)
The bell announced the end of the class.
下課鈴響了。(非正式，不用declare)
The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment.
委員會(huì)宣布了實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。
4．congratulate, celebrate
congratulate 意為“祝賀”，常用于congratulate sb. on ( doing ) sth.。
celebrate 意為“慶�！保蠼用~。如：
Paul's classmates congratulated him on his winning the first prize.
保羅的同學(xué)們祝賀他獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。
Christmas is celebrated on December 25.
過(guò)圣誕節(jié)是在十二月二十五日。
注意它們?cè)诮Y(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義上的區(qū)別。congratulate 的名詞形式為 congratulation，常用作復(fù)數(shù)。而celebration 意為“慶�！被颉皯c祝會(huì)”，是普通的可數(shù)名詞。
—I got the first prize. 我得了一等獎(jiǎng)。
—Congratulations! 祝賀你！
About ten thousand people attended the celebration of National Day in Tian An Men Square.
大約一萬(wàn)人參加了天安門廣場(chǎng)的國(guó)慶慶祝會(huì)。
Lesson34教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案
Step1:Introduction:
Good morning, class. Now please open your book to page51,and look at the pictures please.(or the teacher can show some pictures on gymnastics.)Who can tell me how we call these sports?(answer:gymnastics).And who can tell me the English sport name for each picture.(picture1:on the high bar; picture2:on the double bars; picture3:on the beam;pommel horse,and beam).What other sports names do you know?
Step2: Fast reading:
I.Search for answer within 2 minutes:
1.What is important to become a top gymnast?
2.Do women performe on the rings?
II.Reading comprehension:(open your book to page178 and answer the questions within 7minutes.)
Step3:Language study:
I:Fill in blanks without looking at your books.(Ask the Ss to read the text in details and pay special attention to the key words or phrases.Then close their books and fill in blanks.)
1) One of the aims is to make the body stronger for jumps and turns and for movements of balance. It also helps your body bend forwards, backwards and sideways, and improves the way you hold your body.In competitions women perform some of their exercises to music, so dance,gymnastics and music are all connected.
2) Some pieces of equipment,for example the rings,require great physical strength and boys need to develop their bodies fully before attempting such difficult exercises.
II:Learn the words through the context:
1) Gymnasts have to show that they can move neatly and easily, hold a position steady, keep their balance while doing a handstand, and jump both forwards and backwards.
A.neatly:having a pleasing shape or appearance,“干凈利落�！�
Our bedroom is seldom in a mess.It’s always neat.(of things arrange in an orderly way.)
B.steady:firmly fixed,suppored or balanced;not shaking,rocking or likely to fall over.
Hold the ladder steady.
She was trembling with excitiment but her voice was steady.
2) Wear tight clothing without collars or belts so that it doesn’t catch on any of the equipment.
A..tight:fitting closely.緊密結(jié)合的。
a tight ship------ a ship that does not leak (不漏水的船)
These shoes are too tight for me.（這雙鞋我穿得太緊）
a tight race, match.(勢(shì)均力敵的比賽)
B.catch on: become fixed,stuck or entangled in or on sth.（使某物）卡住，鉤住，纏住，絆住，夾住或掛住某物：
Her dress caught on a nail.（釘子）
He caught his foot on a tree root and stumbled.他一只腳被樹(shù)根絆住而跌跤了。
Step3:Group work(Dive the class into several groups and each prepares a topic, and then give them some time to prepare and report without looking anything. Make sure each St in the group take part in the report.)
Step4:summary:Write a summary about the gymnastics.
聽(tīng)力完形教案
I.Listening:(ask the Ss to listen to three times and fill in blanks.)
Life of an athlete
A sports journalist (J)is interviewing an athlete(A) who is from Kenya two days after he won the London marathon.
J:Congratulations on your success in the marathon! Are you pleased with your performane?
A: Yes,very.It was my new record and it was also quite a windy day, so I think I did very well.
J:Could you tell me about your early days in Kenya?When did you first start running?
A:My brother and I used to run to shool every day. We lived about ten miles from the nearest primary school and as it would have taken too long to walk, we used to run there and back.that was twenty miles every day!When I went to secondary school(中學(xué))I used to join in a lot of competitions,mainly middle and long distance races.I think I won every race I took part in !
J:What is the secret of your success?
A:First, I lead a very healthy life. I’ve never smoked or drunk and I eat huge quantities of fruit. We’ve got plenty of that in Kenya. Next,train high up where the air is thinner. I live and run in the hills which are about 3,000 mertres high. I left Kenya just two days before the marathon. So when I ran the race at sea level, my body had all this extra energy to help it run faster!
J: what are your future plans?
A:I want to run in the Olympics next year. I hope I’ll be chosen for our national team,so I’m going to plan a hard training programme.
J:Is it a hard life, being a long-distance runner?
A: where we live we have some of the most beautiful countryside in the world. It’s a pleasure just to run over these hills. It may sound hard to you, but for me running is as natural as breathing.
II．完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從31～50各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳答案。
Fred Mundy enjoyed life. He loved adventure and the great outdoors, especially riding his motorcycle.
One day, Fred decided to 31 a motorcycle race. The race was to be run on a dangerous course through 150 miles of rough 32 Fred was a proud man, he wanted to 33 the race. So, to save energy, he only took along a small 34 of water, some apples, and a few pieces of read.
The race began. Fred got off to a good 35 . But somewhere along the way, he made a 36 turn. He became lost in a wilderness of sand and rock－a lonely place 37 the temperature can 38 top 40 degrees centigrade!
A 39 party was organized, and planes were brought in. Soon the searchers began 40 something; Fred s motorcycle, foot prints in the sand, even his empty can. 41 they couldn’t find Fred.
The searchers could not 42 this. Why didn’t Fred try to signal (發(fā)信號(hào)) the airplanes above? Why didn’t he 43 marks for the searchers to follow? It was almost as if he didn’t 44 to be found. Twelve days after the race, the searchers found Fred’s body － And near it, they found his bright orange helmet (頭盔) 45 under a small bush(樹(shù)叢) . It seemed to be hidden so that 46 couldn’t be seen from the air.
Perhaps the searchers were right. Maybe Fred 47 want to be found. Why? Because he was a 48 man. He was trying to find his 49 way out of the desert. But he never 50 it. Fred Mundy had lost his race with time.
31. A. enter B. watch C. help D organize
[解析]enter有“參加”之意。B、C、D三項(xiàng)意思不符合題意。 答案：A
32. A. forest B. meadow C. desert D. country
[解析]據(jù)前文所敘，應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在沙漠荒地。 答案：C
33. A. defeat B. enjoy C. improve D. win 答案：D
34. A. bottle B. can C. cup D. mouthful
[解析]can 在此為名詞，意為“罐”。 答案B
35. A. way B. speed C. position D. start 答案：D
36. A. skillful B. difficult C. wrong D. dangerous
[解析]后面說(shuō)他迷路了，是由于這里拐彎出了差錯(cuò)。故應(yīng)填C項(xiàng)。 答案：C
37. A. that B. where C. whose D. when 答案：B
38. A. easily B. hardly C. mainly D. fully
[解析]文中top為動(dòng)詞，意為“高達(dá)……”；根據(jù)句意是“很容易”達(dá)到40度以上。
答案：A
39. A. race B. helping C. search D. saving
[解析]從下文中searchers可推出此空應(yīng)填C項(xiàng)。 答案：C
40. A. watching B. collecting C. recognizing D. finding 答案：D
41. A. Instead B. But C. Besides D. And 答案：B
42. A. guess B. judge C. understand D. prove
[解析]this指后面要提到的一系列問(wèn)題，所以此空填C項(xiàng)。 答案：C
43. A. write B. make C. keep D. leave
[解析] leave marks意為“留下標(biāo)記”。 答案：D
44. A. want B. ask C. allow D. agree答案：A
45. A. lost B. buried C. hidden D. hung 答案：B
46. A. it B. searchers C. planes D. he
[解析]指頭盔。頭盔是bright orange（鮮桔紅色），如果不是有意藏起來(lái)，飛機(jī)是可以發(fā)現(xiàn)的。所以這里應(yīng)該填A(yù)項(xiàng)（it），而不填D項(xiàng)（he）。 答案：A
47. A. didn’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t 答案：A
48. A. proud B. stupid C. strong D. strange
[解析]A項(xiàng)(proud)與前面第三段第一句相符。 答案：A
49.A. only B. lost C. lonely D. own答案：D
50. A. had B. made C. won D. did [解析] it指his way. 答案：
寫作訓(xùn)練
寫作訓(xùn)練每個(gè)單元都必須進(jìn)行，每個(gè)單元都可以根據(jù)該單元的主題設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)寫作的題目，讓學(xué)生寫一篇作文，事后一要進(jìn)行講評(píng)。
如在該單元可以設(shè)計(jì)以下的一個(gè)書面表達(dá)作業(yè)：
寫作訓(xùn)練1
根據(jù)以下信息，寫一篇介紹劉璇的短文，字?jǐn)?shù)一百左右。
中國(guó)體操明星，前奧運(yùn)會(huì)金牌得主劉璇，現(xiàn)在就讀于北京大學(xué)，主修（major in）新聞(journalism)。她之所以選擇新聞專業(yè),是由于她以前常與記者接觸，所以對(duì)新聞專業(yè)感興趣；并且她覺(jué)得學(xué)習(xí)新聞可以讓她學(xué)習(xí)到許多不同領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)。她想在將來(lái)成為一個(gè)國(guó)際體操裁判。她的人生格言(motto)是：“如果你想成為一個(gè)勝利者，首先征服（conquer）你自己�！�
書面表達(dá)參考答案（One possible version）
The Chinese star gymnast and former Olympic gold medalist, Liu Xuan, is now studying in Peking University. She’s chosen to study journalism. She got interested in journalism as a result of her contacts with reporters when she was a gymnast. And also, she believes that studying journalism will help her to learn as much knowledge as possible in many kinds of fields, such as politics, economics, history and culture. She wants to be an international gymnastics referee in the future. She believes in this motto: “First conquer yourself if you want to be a winner.”
寫作訓(xùn)練2
電視是當(dāng)今社會(huì)應(yīng)用廣泛的一種娛樂(lè)工具。請(qǐng)寫一篇短文闡述你對(duì)電視的理解。
電視是一項(xiàng)重要的發(fā)明，對(duì)人類生活有著深遠(yuǎn)影響。
電視帶來(lái)很多便利，極大地豐富了人們的生活。
電視也有一定的危害。如：宣傳色情暴力，對(duì)青少年產(chǎn)生不良影響；傳遞不健康的人生觀等等。
參考答案（One possible version）
Television
Our life has been greatly changed by many important inventions. Television is one of them. It brings us much information, therefore it is a popular source of entertainment.
If you want to see a play or watch a match, you needn’t take the trouble to wait for a ticket. With a television, you only need to press the button, choose the right channel, and then you can enjoy yourself to your heart’s content. Besides programmes of entertainment, televisions also provide us with the latest news all over the world at home. Without stepping out of your room, you can be well-informed and keep in touch with the rapidly changing world.
TV also helps a lot with our study. If you want to learn something, you can turn to some channels that provide many kinds of study sources. All you need to do is to find the right channel and sit down in front of the TV set. The teachers on line will teach you whatever you can learn at a real school.
Everything has its two sides. Television brings us not only knowledge and entertainment, but also “junk food” as well. Those films about violence and sexy attacks always mislead the young students. And sometimes people waste too much time in front of the TV set, ignoring what is more important in their lives.
So whether TV is good or bad to us depends on how we use it.
這篇文章第一段指出電視給我們的生活帶來(lái)了很大的變化，點(diǎn)出了全文的中心意思。下文從兩個(gè)方面講述了電視給我們帶來(lái)的影響：第二段，第三段指出電視提供了娛樂(lè)和獲取知識(shí)的便利；第四段說(shuō)明電視帶來(lái)的弊端。最后一段總結(jié)，說(shuō)明電視有利有弊，提醒人們要妥善應(yīng)用。全文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，意思全面。
探究活動(dòng)
1、讓學(xué)生先去采訪一下體育老師，咨詢有關(guān)體操方面的知識(shí)，然后將采訪的內(nèi)容用英文表達(dá)出來(lái)。
實(shí)施方案：1）事先做一些采訪的準(zhǔn)備工作，簡(jiǎn)單了有關(guān)體操方面的知識(shí)；
2）制定一份具體的采訪計(jì)劃或提綱；
3）預(yù)約體育老師；
4）實(shí)施采訪；
5）采訪后進(jìn)行資料整理，寫出英文采訪報(bào)道。
2、教師可以從電視臺(tái)播放的節(jié)目中選取一段與體操相關(guān)的電視節(jié)目錄象，在上課時(shí)播放，然后要學(xué)生寫出描述性的文章。
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