高一英語(yǔ)第十八單元 The necklace

科目 英語(yǔ)
年級(jí) 高一
文件　high1 unit18.doc
標(biāo)題 Unit 18 The necklace
章節(jié) 第十八單元
關(guān)鍵詞
內(nèi)容
單元重點(diǎn)
Ⅰ.語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)
accept, invitation, after all, continue, call on, day and night, pay back, at the most,
worth, not…any more
Ⅱ.日常交際用語(yǔ)
1. Where have you been all these days?
2. What happened?
3. We did have a good time.
4. Excuse me. I’ve lost a case I wonder if it’s been found.
5. Can you describe the case?
6. Where did you last have it?
7. We asked everyone there if they had found …, but without luck.
8. We couldn’t find it; it was lost.
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法
疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)
e.g.1. He asked if she was Pleased.
2. She asked him how many People were going to the ball.
背景知識(shí)介紹
1.作者
Guy de Maupassant（莫泊桑1850—1893）was a well—known French novelist and short –story writer.在少年時(shí)他就對(duì)文學(xué)表現(xiàn)出了濃厚的興趣，很小的時(shí)候開始寫作，在30多歲成為著明的小說(shuō)家，他的大部分作品講的是人們的日常生活。1871年開始，他在政府部門就職，這期間他熟悉了政府職員的生活。這段經(jīng)歷幫助他創(chuàng)造出了他的著名短篇小說(shuō)“項(xiàng)鏈”。他的作品簡(jiǎn)潔明了，諷刺運(yùn)用得恰到好處。莫泊桑晚年承受疾病圍繞，1893年病逝于巴黎。
2.有關(guān)這部戲的介紹
“項(xiàng)鏈”這篇課文是一個(gè)獨(dú)幕劇，它包括三個(gè)人物：Mathilde Loisel, a yang woman;
Pierre Loisel, Mathilde’s husband, a government worker; Jeanne, Mathilde’s good friend.
課文難點(diǎn)分析
1. Scene1 A park in Paris ……walks towards her.
這部分用斜體表示，或象下文一樣置于括號(hào)中，叫做舞臺(tái)指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明（stage directions ）一般使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。戲劇一般首先介紹故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間（time）、地點(diǎn)（place）和劇中人物（characters）。在這一段中有了具體介紹。
2. …but I don’t think I know you. 我好象并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。
I don’t think I should do that. 我認(rèn)為我不該做那件事。
I don’t believe she will come. 我上信她不會(huì)來(lái)。
“think, believe” 這兩個(gè)詞的否定式在主句中表示，而賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞用肯定式。
3. In fact you do. 事實(shí)上你認(rèn)識(shí)我。
=In fact, you know me. 為了避免和前面重復(fù)，所以用助動(dòng)詞代替。
e.g.①We all love singing, but he doesn’t. 我們都喜歡唱歌，但他不喜歡。
②Class 2 went to a picnic, but Class 1 didn’t. 2班去野餐了，但1班沒去。
4. recognize vt. 認(rèn)識(shí)，辨認(rèn)
e.g.①She was so changed that I hardly recognized her. 她變得我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出來(lái)了。
②Harry recognized me in the crowd. 亨利在人群中認(rèn)出了我。
5. Where have you been all these years? 這些年你上哪兒去了？
e.g. The teacher asked Jane, “You didn’t come to school, last week, where have you been?”
老師問(wèn)Jane，“你上星期沒來(lái)學(xué)校，去哪兒了？”
6. That’s because of hard work. 那是因?yàn)閯诶邸?
e.g.①He couldn’t go further. That’s because of his wounded leg.
他不能再往前走了，因?yàn)樗�的腿受了傷�?
②He cried because of the pain in his arm = He cried because he had a pain in his arm.
他因?yàn)楦觳蔡鄱�哭了�?
because of后面跟名詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)與because加句子引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句意義相同。
7. Have times been hard for you? 這些年境況不太好吧！
times這個(gè)詞我們以前見過(guò)：(morden times )表示目前或某種特殊時(shí)期的生活情況或環(huán)
境，可譯作“日子”、“境況”、“時(shí)代”。
e.g.①He didn’t complain of hard times, but kept on working hard.
他沒有抱怨時(shí)勢(shì)艱難，相反的是一直努力工作。
②Students thought times are terrible in July. 學(xué)生們認(rèn)為7月是一段難熬的日子。
8. But what happened? 發(fā)生什么事了？
happen take place. 沒有被動(dòng)式。
e.g.①I remembered the whole things as if it happened yesterday.
我記得整個(gè)事情，就好象是昨天發(fā)生的。
②──Why didn’t the boss come yesterday? 為什么老板昨天沒來(lái)？
──An accident happened to him. 他出事了。
9. Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a
necklace of yours. 10年前的一個(gè)下午，我到你家借過(guò)一條項(xiàng)鏈，你還記得嗎？
Ten year ago和由when 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句一起修飾afternoon.
e.g.①Cart still remembers one afternoon in his first year when the professor took the students the Chemistry lab.卡爾仍然記得一年級(jí)時(shí)教授帶學(xué)生到化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室去的那個(gè)下午的情景。
②There are thousands of starts in the sky that are like our sun.
天空中有成千上萬(wàn)顆像太陽(yáng)一樣的恒星。
10. I’ve written to accept the invitation. 我已經(jīng)寫信表示接受邀請(qǐng)了。
e.g.①I received a note, but didn’t accept it. 我收到了一張支票，但沒接受。
②Jack received my letter, and accepted my advice.
Jack收到了我的信并且接受了我的建議。
③give sb. An invitation給sb發(fā)邀請(qǐng)(invite sb. to…)
refuse sb’s invitation. 拒絕sb的邀請(qǐng)。
11. I haven’t got an evening dress for the ball! 我沒有參加晚會(huì)的禮服��！
12. But, just this once. After all, this ball is very important.
不過(guò)就這么一次，要知道，這次舞會(huì)很重要啊！
after all“畢竟，終究，到底”。用來(lái)說(shuō)服或提醒對(duì)方，引出對(duì)方似乎忘記了的某個(gè)
重要的論點(diǎn)或理由。
e.g.①They met with difficulties, but I hear that they’re succeeded after all.
他們遇到了困難，但我聽說(shuō)他們終究是成功了。
②She said she would not go to the ball, but she went there after all.
她說(shuō)不去參加舞會(huì)，但最后還是去了。
13. I have no jewellery to wear. 我沒有首飾戴。
dress和wear的區(qū)別：
e.g.①She always dresses in green. 她總是穿著綠色的衣服。
②Dress at once! 立刻穿上衣服。
③The mother dresses the baby everyday. 媽媽每天給小寶寶穿衣服。
而wear的賓語(yǔ)只能是鞋帽等物品，表示一種狀態(tài)。
④He’s wearing a new coat today. 他今天穿了一件新大衣。
但不能說(shuō)：Wear your clothes at once.
14. Can’t you just wear a flower instead? 難道不能就戴一朵花嗎？
這是一個(gè)否定疑問(wèn)句，表示吃驚，可能含有批評(píng)或責(zé)備的意思。
e.g.①Hasn’t Albert telephoned you? Albert還沒有打電話來(lái)嗎？（說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為Albert本該
已經(jīng)打電話來(lái)了，但卻沒打，因此感到奇怪，并含有批評(píng)的口氣）
②It’s getting dark. Can’t you walk a little faster? 天快黑了，你不能走快點(diǎn)嗎？（說(shuō)話
人覺得對(duì)方走慢了，含有責(zé)備的口氣）
15. She married a man with a lot of money. 她嫁了一個(gè)很有錢的人。
marry sb. 娶了某人/嫁給某人。get married結(jié)了婚。
be/ get married to sb.與某人結(jié)婚，不能用 with.
e.g.①—Is Jack married? Jack結(jié)婚了嗎？
—He got married last year. 他去年結(jié)婚了。
②He has been married to Mary for 3years. 他和Mary結(jié)婚3年了。
③Alice married a Frenchman. Alice和一個(gè)法國(guó)人結(jié)婚了。
16. So I called on you…
So是連詞，用來(lái)承上啟下，表示話語(yǔ)的邏輯性�！拔蚁肫鹉慵蘖艘粋�(gè)有錢人，所以
就去看望你……”。
call on/ upon sb. visit sb.到家看望。
e.g.①It’s to years since I last called on my former teacher.
我最近的一次拜望老師已經(jīng)是10年前了。
Call at sb’s house. 到家看望。
②“I’ll call at your house tomorrow morning. Are you free? “—Yes. You’re welcome.”
“明天我想到家去看望你，你有空嗎？”“好的，歡迎”。
17. You tried it on and it looked wonderful on you.
你把項(xiàng)鏈戴上試了試，戴在你身上真是太好看了。
e.g.①Never buy shoes without trying them on first. 鞋子要先試再買。
②The tailor asked the girl to try on the new dress. 裁縫要那個(gè)小孩試一下新衣服。
try on: 試穿，試戴。
18. Perhaps in those days I was. 也許那時(shí)候我是（個(gè)漂亮的姑娘）…
這是承上啟下的句子，后面的表語(yǔ)可以省略，以避免重復(fù)，在口語(yǔ)中常見。
e.g.①She said it was a valuable necklace. It really was.
她說(shuō)那是一條很貴重的項(xiàng)鏈，的確很貴重。
②“Are they in the park?” “I think they are.” “他們?cè)诠珗@里嗎？”“我想是的”。
19. Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.
我和波爾在舞會(huì)上的確玩的很痛快。
句中的did是助動(dòng)詞，在肯定句中用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)它后面的動(dòng)詞。
e.g.①Do come here next Sunday. 下星期日一定來(lái)��！
②I did agree with you. 我完全贊同你。
③She does keep her promise. 她確實(shí)一貫遵守諾言。
20. But that was the last moment of happiness in our lives.
但那是我們一生中最后的幸福時(shí)刻了。
21. On our way home…… that the necklace was not around my neck any more!
那天晚上在回家的路上，我低頭一看，發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)鏈不再掛在我的脖子上了。
not ……any mere. 不再。
e.g.①Don’t make the same mistake any more. 不要再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。
②She doesn’t live here any more. 她不再住在這兒了。
22. It was exactly like your necklace, but it was a different one.
那條項(xiàng)鏈的確和你的一模一樣，但卻是另外的一條。
句中的One用來(lái)指代前在的名詞(necklace)。復(fù)數(shù)用ones.
e.g.①There are two books. The one on the shelf is mine. 這有2本書，書架上那本是我的。
②There are lots of dresses in the case. You can try on the ones you like.
箱子里有很多件衣服，你可以試穿所有你喜歡的。
23. During the next ten years… to pay back the money we had borrowed (= In order to return
the money which we had borrowed, both of us worked a long time every day in the next ten
years.)在后來(lái)的10年時(shí)間里，為了償還這筆借款，我們兩個(gè)不分晝夜地干活。
pay back作“償還”，“還錢”解。pay back money to sb. pay back money for sth.
e.g.①“—I’ll pay back the money to you next week. Is it ok?”“我下星期還錢給你，行嗎？”
—“That’s ok!” 好吧！
②“Have you paid back the money for the foods?” 購(gòu)買食品的錢還了沒有？
③They paid off all the debts on time. 他們按時(shí)把債還清了。
④Once we have paid off the store, we shall owe money to no one.
一旦把商店的錢還清了，我們就不欠任何人的錢了。
24. That’s why I come and ask for help. 這就是為什么我顯得這樣蒼老。
“Why” 在這里相當(dāng)于“the reason why …”即（為什么）…的原因。
e.g. He had stolen the necklace. That’s why he was punished.
他偷了項(xiàng)鏈，這說(shuō)是受到懲罰的原因。
25. It wasn’t valuable at all. 它根本就不值錢。
at all“全然”“完全”。常用于否定句中“not…at all”“完全不”，“根本不”。
e.g.①She’s rather lazy, not at all suitable for the post. 她太懶了，根本不適合這個(gè)職業(yè)。
②I don’t believe her at all. 我根本就不相信她。
26. It was worth five hundred francs at the most… 它最多值500法郎。
be worth＋sth. /doing sth.“值（多少錢）”
e.g.①This piece of jewelry is worth $500. 這件手飾值500美元。
②His suggestion is worth consideration / considering. 他的建議值得考慮。
③The museum is worth a visit. 那個(gè)博物館值得一看。
27. He is now at the Lost and Found.
他現(xiàn)在失物招領(lǐng)處。
間接問(wèn)句
直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有以下共同要求：
1.要把疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序變成陳述句語(yǔ)序。
2.主語(yǔ)的人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)以及狀語(yǔ)要作相應(yīng)的變化。
3.句末要用句號(hào)。
直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，還要用if / whether引導(dǎo)。如果在引語(yǔ)中含有“or”，則只能用whether.
e.g.① He asked her, “Are you pleased?” 
He asked her if / whether she was pleased.
②She asked me, “Have you finished the work?” 
She asked me if / where I had finished the work.
③ Mother asked, “Will you stay at home or go with us?” 
Mother asked (me) whether I would stay at home or go with them.
直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)仍和原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)代詞。
e.g.① She asked me, “Where have you been all these years?” 
She asked me where I had been all those years.
② He asked Tom, “What are you looking for?” 
He asked Tom what he was looking for.
③ He asked me, “Why didn’t you stop her?” 
He asked me why I hadn’t stopped her.
練習(xí)
請(qǐng)改寫這個(gè)劇本。

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